金线莲组织培养技术研究进展

Research progress on tissue culture techniques of Anoectochilus roxburghii

金线莲(Anoectochilus roxburghii)作为名贵中草药和草本观赏植物,具有极高的经济和药用价值。本文从外植体和基本培养基的选择、愈伤及芽的诱导、增殖培养以及重要影响因素等方面对金线莲组织培养快繁体系的研究现状进行了综述。金线莲组织培养中多以种子、具节茎段、茎尖、茎片和叶片作为外植体。其组织培养再生体系主要包括3条途径:一是原球茎途径,激素和基因型是影响其的关键因素;二是带节茎段诱导丛生芽,细胞分裂素和生长素等配合使用对其有促进作用;三是愈伤组织分化途径,以茎片和茎段为外植体的愈伤组织能分化出大量不定芽,6-BA在此途径中起关键性作用。此外,光照条件及天然有机物也是影响金线莲组织培养的重要因素。本研究旨在为金线莲的组培快繁提供科学依据,同时对金线莲资源保护、开发利用及产业化发展奠定基础。

Anoectochilus roxburghii is an herbaceous plant which is used as a Chinese herbal medicine and ornamental plant,with high economic and medicinal value.In this paper,the recent studies of tissue culture techniques of A.roxburghii are summarized regarding explant selection,minimal medium usage,induction of callus and bud,multiplication culture,and influencing factors.Seeds,nodal segments,stem apices,stems,and leaves are commonly used as explants for tissue cultures of A.roxburghii.Tissue culturing and regeneration of this species mainly relies on three approaches：Firstly,by using aprotocorm-like body,with hormones and genotypes being the main influencing factors;secondly,culturing by differentiation from stem segments into buds,with cytokinin and auxin having synergistic effects;and thirdly,by callus differentiation,using the stem pieces and stem segments,as the explants can differentiate into a large number of adventitious buds;here,6-BA plays a crucial role.In general,light conditions and natural organic matter are important factors to consider in the tissue culture of A.roxburghii.The aim of this paper is to provide an evidence-based protocol for rapid propagation of A.roxburghii,as well as to lay a foundation for protection,utilization and industrialization of A.roxburghii.