不同浓度矮壮素对黑麦抗倒伏性和种子产量的影响

Effect of different chlorocholine chlorid(CCC)concentrations on lodging resistance and seed yield of rye

为探寻使黑麦(Secale cereale)抗倒伏性增强,并能获得较高种子产量的矮壮素喷施浓度,本研究通过在黑麦拔节期对其喷施不同浓度矮壮素(0,0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%),研究其对黑麦抗倒伏性和种子产量的影响。结果表明,矮壮素喷施浓度为0.3%和0.4%时,黑麦株高降低约30cm,节间缩短,基部第2节间的外径增粗,抗折力增强,钾和可溶性总糖含量增加,氮含量减少,抗倒伏指数增大,同时种子产量显著高于对照(不喷施矮壮素),增产1 500kg·hm-2(P<0.05)。黑麦种子产量与株高和氮含量极显著负相关(P<0.01),与基部第2节间的外径、抗折力、抗倒伏指数、钾含量等极显著正相关,和第1节间长显著负相关,说明增强黑麦抗倒性有利于提高其种子产量。0.1%和0.2%浓度的矮壮素对黑麦的抗倒伏性以及种子产量等性状无显著影响(P>0.05)。从经济效益和环保的角度出发,喷施浓度为0.3%的矮壮素既可以增加产量又可以减少矮壮素用量,为黑麦进行种子生产的适宜用量。本研究在一定程度上解决了黑麦由于倒伏引起的种子产量低的问题,为黑麦种子生产提供了理论依据。

In order to find the optimal chlorocholine chlorid（CCC）concentration for enhancing lodging resistance and seed yield of rye,the effects of different CCC concentrations（0,0.1%,0.2%,0.3% and 0.4%）were tested in this study.The main results were as follows：at CCC concentrations of 0.3%,and 0.4%,plant height decreased by about 30 cm,on average,and internode length was shortened.The outer diameter,bending resistance,potassium content,soluble sugars,and the lodging resistance index of the second internode increased,whereas nitrogen content decreased.Furthermore,rye seed yields of the 0.3% and 0.4% treatment groups were significantly higher than those of the control groups（without CCC）.Seed yield of rye was significantly correlated with plant height,outer diameter,potassium（K）and nitrogen（N）content in the second internode at 0.01 level,and 0.05 level,respectively,which showed that the enhancing of lodging resistance was important for increased seed yield.No significant effects of CCC concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% were observed.From the point of economy and environmental protection,0.3% CCC seems to be the optimal concentration due to increased yield at the lowest amount used.This study contributes to eliminating problems related to low seed yield due to the excessive plant height and softness of the stem,which is essential for high seed production in rye.