电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中10种重金属

Determination of 10 kinds of heavy metals in soil by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry

建立电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中Ba,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Sr,Pb和Zn 10种重金属的含量。以国家标准土壤样品GSS–1,GSS–2,GSS–3为研究对象,采用硝酸、盐酸、氢氟酸和高氯酸微波消解,赶酸后加入2 m L 2%的柠檬酸溶液作为络合剂,在选定的仪器工作条件下测定,10种元素的质量浓度在0~20μg/m L范围内与光谱强度存在良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限为0.01~0.15μg/m L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.86%~4.82%(n=6),10种重金属平均加标回收率为95.17%~108.67%。该方法操作简单、稳定性好,适用于土壤中重金属含量的测定,并为络合剂在元素测定中的应用提供参考。

A method for determination of 10 kinds of heavy metals including Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Sr, Pb and Zn in soil by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry（ICP-OES） was established. The national standard of soil samples GSS-1, GSS-2 and GSS-3 as the research objects, using HNO3-HCl-HClO4-HF mixed acid system for microwave digestion. After acid being removed, 2 mL 2% citric acid solution was added as the complexing agent and measured under the operating conditions of the instrument. The mass concentration of the 10 kinds of heavy metals had good linear relationships with the spectral intensity in the range of 0-20 μg/mL, and the correlation coefficients were all more than 0.999, the detection limits were 0.01-0.15 μg/mL. The relative standard deviations of the results were 0.86%-4.82%（n=6）, and the average recoveries were 95.17%-108.67%. This method is easy to operate and has good stability, and it is suitable for the determination of heavy metals in soil, and provides reference for the application of complexing agents in the determination of elements.