慢性阻塞性肺病患者疾病控制水平与家庭关系研究

Relationship between disease control and family relations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨家庭环境及家庭功能与慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者疾病控制水平的关系。方法应用家庭环境量表(FES-CV)、家庭功能量表(FAD)、COPD控制测试问卷(CAT)对84例COPD患者及其主要照顾者进行评估,根据CAT评分将患者分为完全控制组32例,部分控制组28例及未控制组24例,比较3组患者家庭环境及家庭功能情况,应用Pearson单因素分析家庭环境及家庭功能与COPD患者疾病管理能力的关系。结果完全控制组患者家庭环境各维度评分均高于部分控制组及未控制组(P<0.05),而家庭功能各维度评分均低于部分控制组及未控制组(P<0.05)。经Pearson单因素分析可知COPD患者CAT评分与家庭环境中控制性、矛盾性及家庭功能中沟通、行为控制及总的功能呈负相关(P<0.05),而与家庭环境中亲密度、情感表达、娱乐性、文化性呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 COPD患者疾病管理能力与家庭功能及家庭环境有密切的关系,医护人员对COPD患者进行护理管理时,应指导患者家属积极提高家庭功能,改善家庭环境。

Objective To investigate the relationship between family environment,family function and disease control in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. Methods A total of 84 COPD patients and their primary caregivers were assessed with FES-CV,FAD,and CAT,and were divided into complete control group（n = 32）,partial control group（n = 28） and uncontrolled group（n = 24） according to CAT scores. The family environment and family function were compared in the three groups. The relationship between family environment,family functioning and disease management ability in patients with COPD were analyzed by pearson＇ s univariate analysis. Results The complete control group had higher scores of family environment,and lower family functioning scores than partial control group and uncontrolled group（P〈0. 05）. Pearson＇s univariate analysis showed that CAT scores in COPD patients were negatively correlated with control,contradiction in family environment,and communication,behavior control,role division and overall function in family function（P〈0. 05）,and was positively correlated with intimacy,emotional expression,entertainment,and culture in the family environment（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The ability of disease management in COPD patients is closely related to family function and family environment. When nursing staffs take care of COPD patients,family members should be instructed to actively improve family functions and improve family environment.