艾滋病患者遭遇医护人员艾滋歧视后心理感受及行为反应的质性研究

The Qualitative Research of Psychological Feeling and Behavioral Reaction of HIV/AIDS Patients with Experience of Discrimination by Medical and Nursing Staff

目的了解艾滋病患者遭遇医护人员艾滋歧视后的真实心理感受及行为反应,分析其对患者造成的不良影响,以制定相应的方案,降低其对艾滋病患者的艾滋歧视。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,对9名遭受过医护人员艾滋歧视的艾滋病患者进行面对面、半结构式、个体化深入访谈,并用现象学分析法对获得的资料进行分析和整理,提炼出主题。结果艾滋病患者遭遇医护人员艾滋歧视后心理状态主要表现为:自尊降低,自我指责,恐惧、绝望及自杀念头,愤怒、仇恨及报复心理等;行为状态主要表现为:隐瞒病情及拒绝就医,产生自杀行为,产生报复行为等。结论医护人员艾滋病歧视可对艾滋患者的心理及行为状态产生严重的负面影响,因此,降低医护人员对艾滋病患者的艾滋歧视,关注艾滋病患者的心理状态。

Objective To understand psychological feeling and behavioral reaction of HIV/AIDS patients with experience of discrimination by medical and nursing staff,and analyze its adverse effects,so as to formulate solutions to reducing discrimination against HIV/AIDS patients.Methods Using the phenomenological research methods of qualitative research,we interviewed nine patients that experienced medical staffs＇ AIDS discrimination by face to face,semi-structured,and individual in-depth interviews.We also used phenomenological analysis method to analyze data and extracting the theme.Results The patients who encountering medical staffs＇ AIDS discrimination were mainly characterized by lower self-esteem,remorse,fear,despair and suicidal thoughts,anger,hate and revenge,etc.While their behavioral reactions were mainly hiding their health condition,refusal of treatment suicidal behavior and retaliation,and so on.Conclusion The medical staffs＇ AIDS discrimination had a serious negative impact on AIDS patients＇ psychological and behavioral state.Therefore,it is crucial to reduce the medical staffs＇ AIDS discrimination,and pay more attention to their psychological state.