益生菌对生长猪日粮营养物质表观消化率及粪便菌群的影响

Effects of probiotics on dietary nutrient apparent digestibility and faecal microflora of growing pigs

试验选用胎次相近,平均体重为(30±3)kg的生长肥育猪(杜×长×大)8头,随机分为两组(试验I组、试验Ⅱ组),每组4头。试验I组饲喂基础日粮(对照组),试验Ⅱ组饲喂添加0.1%益生菌的试验日粮(试验组)。试验期42d。结果表明,试验I组、试验Ⅱ组平均日增重、平均日采食量及料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验Ⅱ组平均日增重较试验I组有增加趋势,试验Ⅱ组料重比较试验I组低0.12。粗蛋白质的表观消化率,试验Ⅱ组较试验I组高3.78个百分点(P<0.01);试验Ⅱ组粗纤维表观消化率较试验I组高5.96个百分点(P<0.01),试验Ⅱ组能量表观消化率较试验I组高2.21个百分点(P<0.01)。无氮浸出物,试验Ⅱ组较试验I组高0.71个百分点(P<0.05)。乳酸杆菌,试验Ⅱ组极显著高于试验I组(P<0.01);大肠杆菌,试验I组极显著高于试验组Ⅱ(P<0.01)。乳酸杆菌/大肠杆菌,试验Ⅱ组显著高于试验I组(P<0.05)。因此,在生长猪日粮中添加0.1%乳酸杆菌和枯草芽胞杆菌复合物能够提高日粮中粗蛋白质、粗纤维、能量及无氮浸出物的表观消化率,提高机体免疫力,降低直肠粪便中大肠杆菌数量。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of probiotics preparation on growth performance,nutrient apparentdigestibility and faecal microflora of growing pigs.Eight crossbred（Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshine）growing pigs with an average weight of（30±3）kg were randomly divided into 2 groups（group I and group Ⅱ）with 4 pigs in each group.The group I（control group）was fed basal diet,and group Ⅱ（probiotics group）was fed with experimental diet supplemented with 0.1% probiotics.The test lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows：There was no significant difference in average daily gain,average daily feed intake and feed weight ratio between group I and group Ⅱ（P〈0.05）.The average daily gain of group Ⅱ showed an increasing trend than that of group I,and the feed to gain ratio of group Ⅱ was 0.12 lower than that of group I.The apparent digestibility of crude protein in group Ⅱ was 3.78 percentage points higher than that in group I（P〈0.01）.The apparent digestibility of nitrogen-free-extract（NFE）was higher in group Ⅱ than group I by 0.71 percentage points（P〈0.05）.The amount of Lactobacillus in group Ⅱ was significantlyhigher than that in group I（P〈0.01）.The quantity of Escherichia coli in group I was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ（P〈0.01）.Lactobacillus/Escherichiacoli in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group I（P〈0.05）.Therefore,adding 0.1% Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis compound in the growing pig diet can improve the apparentdigestibility of crude protein,crude fiber,energy and NFE in the diet,improve the immunity of the body and reduce the number of Escherichia coli in the feces of the rectum.