抗战期间中国高校办学质量管窥——基于学业竞试的统计分析

A Study on the Education Quality of China's Universities During the Anti-Japanese War:Based on Quantitative Analysis of Education Contests

抗战期间举行的数届高校学业竞试,从一个侧面展现了当时高校的办学状况。统计分析表明,在获奖人数方面,浙江大学、中央大学、中山大学分列前三位,武汉大学、厦门大学、国立师范学院等也取得了较好的成绩,而西南联大则成绩不佳。个案分析显示,浙江大学偏重严格管理,西南联大偏重自由放任,体现出截然不同的办学风格。此外,这一时期国民政府重办学效率而非办学规模,以及重教学质量而非科研成果等特点,对今日高教评估具有一定的启示意义。

A series of higher education contests held during the Anti-Japanese War reflected the condition of Chinese universities from one respect. The quantitative analysis indicated that Chekiang University,Central University and Sun Yat-sen University ranked top 3 in the number of winners,while the most famous university,Southwestern Associated University didn＇t appear on the final ranking list. The case study showed that Chekiang University emphasized strict management,but Southwestern Associated University emphasized freedom. The two universities reflected opposite styles of management. Besides,the National Government emphasized efficiency and teaching rather than scale and research during this period,which provides some enlightenment for today＇s higher education evaluation.