水下滑翔机的中尺度涡观测方法

The Method of Mesoscale Eddy Observation Using Underwater Glider

设计了一种水下滑翔机对中尺度涡进行水文学、运动学原位观测的方法,以航行过程与观测过程分离为原则。在硬件改进上,为水下滑翔机安装加速度传感器,用于测量水下滑翔机的运动加速度,特别是中性悬停时随着水体运动的加速度,加速度积分计算得到运动速度。在观测方法上,通过海表高度异常资料判断待测中尺度涡的位置、范围和移动方向,利用2台水下滑翔机分别在中尺度涡移动方向和移动方向法向的路径上做正交路径的剖面观测,进行中尺度涡的温盐测量;对温盐测量结果进行即时分析,得到上均匀层、强跃层、下均匀层的位置,控制4台水下滑翔机在这些水层中性悬停,做无滑脱随流运动,进行同步针对性观测。论述了浮力的精确控制方法、由水下滑翔机随流运动速度推导海流速度的过程。本方法不仅测量中尺度涡的温盐分布,还对中尺度涡的三维结构做系统的运动学观测,对中尺度涡观测技术的发展具有重要意义。

A method for in-situ hydrological and dynamical observation of mesoscale eddies using underwater glider is designed based on the principle of separation between navigation process and observation process.On the hardware improvement,an acceleration sensor is installed for measuring the acceleration,especially when underwater glider neutrally hovers,and the velocity thus can be calculated by integrating the acceleration.on the development of observation method,the position,size and moving direction of mesoscale eddy can be judged with sea level anomaly data,then the temperature and salinity profiles can be measured with two underwater gliders along and across the eddy moving direction,respectively.Thermocline,upper and and lower homogeneous layers can be located with real-time analysis of measured temperature and salinity,and four underwater gliders will be used to neutrally hover in these layers to observe synchronously while following the current without slippage.The method for precise buoyancy control and calculation of current velocity are discussed.Besides the observation of temperature and salinity,the method also allows us to observe the three-dimensional dynamic movement of eddy-this method is an important contribution to the development of mesoscale eddy observation techique.