“不想当X的Y不是好Z”构式的语用义及其意向性解释

Pragmatic Meanings and Intentionality Explanations of “Bu Xiang Dang X De Y Bu Shi Hao Z” Construction

分析了"不想当X的Y不是好Z"构式的构式义和语用义,并从意向性视角探讨其形成的动因。此构式包括X,Y和Z三个变项,它们往往是表示职业或身份的名词。对真实用例的研究表明"不想当X的Y不是好Z"构式具有幽默表达对某(些)主体的一专多能或多专多能的赞许的构式义,可以用来表达幽默、创新、概括和赞许的语用义。此构式的形成是说话人从意向态度出发对所描述的某(些)主体的职业或身份有关意向内容作出的具有指向性和刻意性选择的结果。

This paper analyses the constructional meaning of "Bu Xiang Dang X De Y Bu Shi Hao Z"construction and probes into the motivation of its pragmatic meanings from the perspective of intentionality. Thisconstruction includes three variables of X, Y and Z, which are often nouns indicating occupations or statuses. A study of real instantiations of thisconstruction shows that its constructional meaning is humorous approval of subject(s) who is(are) good at many things and expert in one or more and it can be used to express the pragmatic meanings of humor, novelty, generalization and approval. The speaker, guided by his intentional attitude, makes directional and deliberate choices of the intentional contents concerning the subject(s)' occupations or statuses, so as to lead to the formation of the construction.