不同产区甘草种质资源类型的形态特征及分类学研究

Morphological Characteristics and Taxonomy of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Germplasm Resources from Different Production Areas

通过野生甘草的野外调查收集繁殖材料,以种植于同一环境下的全国不同产区的14个种质资源类型的甘草植株作为观察对象,基于20个数量性状和7个质量性状,通过方差分析、聚类分析、主成分分析等方法,探讨甘草种下分类的可能性。结果表明,在相同的地理环境下,14个种质资源类型的甘草除节间长、实际果序长/果序柄长外的18个数量性状间存在显著性差异,且不仅仅以地理位置的远近而聚类,内蒙古、宁夏和陕西交界处的5个种质资源类型的地缘关系依旧保持,其余9个种质资源类型的地缘关系被打破。具有分类学意义的性状为:株高、序柄长、小叶宽、果序宽、实际果序长/果序宽、株高/株幅、小叶数上限、小叶长、叶尖形状等。客观上证实了甘草种内存在丰富的变异,可以开展进一步的种下分类研究,其中株高、序柄长的分类学价值相对较高。

As one of the commonly used medicinal herbs in China,the quality problems of Glycyrrhiza uralensisis prevalent due to the confusion of place of origin. Therefore,the research on G. uralensis. germplasm resources is of great concern. In this paper,14 species of G. uralensis. plants planted in the same locus were used as the observation object,and the possibility of classification of G. uralensis. species was discussed based on 20 quantitative charactersand 7 discrete traits. The results showed that there were significant differences among the 18 quantitative charactersof 14 species of G. uralensis. except the internode length and infructescence actual length/infructescence stalk length in the same geographical environment,not only the geographical distance clustering. Inner Mongolia,Ningxia and Shaanxi at the junction of the five place of origin were still maintained,but the remaining nine geopolitics relations were broken. The characters with taxonomic significance were plant height,infructescence stalk length,leaflet width,infructescence width,infructescence actual length/infructescence width,plant height/plant width,leaflet upper limit,leaf length,leaf tip shape and so on. It is proved that there are abundant variations in G. uralensis Fisch. species,and further classification should be carried out. The taxonomy value of plant height and order length is higher than the others.