《北京官话声音谱》声调研究

The Phonetic Study of Beijing Official Voice Spectrum

日本对汉语的研究历史悠久,尤其是明治时期,由于军事、商贸等原因,日本出版了大量的汉语教科书。北京作为中国的政治、文化中心,北京官话逐渐取代南京官话成为国外学习汉语的重要内容。《北京官话声音谱》一书详细介绍了明治时期(公元1868—1912年)北京官话的读音,是研究汉语语音重要的材料。以《北京官话声音谱》中1282个汉字为研究对象,与《广韵》相比较,可以探究出汉语声调的演变规律,指出《北京官话声音谱》中错误的音调,并对有待商榷的音调进行归纳整理。

Japan has a long history of Chinese research,especially the Mingji period,because of military,commerce and so on,a large number of Chinese textbooks have been published in Japan. Beijing is the political and cultural center of China,Beijing ’s official words gradually replaced the southern mandarin as an important part of learning Chinese. The book of Beijing Official Voice Spectrum details the pronunciation of Beijing ’s official dialect during the Meiji period,it is an important material to study Chinese pronunciation. In this paper,1282 Chinese characters in the voice spectrum of Beijing dialect are studied,compared with Guangyun,to explore the evolution of the Han tones,pointing out the wrong tone in the Beijing official voice spectrum and summarize the notes to be discussed.