70例尿路感染患儿的病原微生物分布和药敏分析

Distribution of pathogenic microbes and drug sensitivity analysis in 70 children with urinary tract infection

目的:分析70例尿路感染患儿的病原微生物分布及药敏试验结果。方法:回顾性分析70例尿路感染患儿的临床资料,均实施尿标本细菌培养及药敏试验,分析患儿病原微生物分布情况和药敏试验结果。结果:70例尿路感染患儿的尿液共培养出75株菌株,其中革兰阴性菌占82.67%,前三位分别为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌;其次为革兰阳性菌13.33%,其中粪肠球菌与屎肠球菌居前两位;真菌占4.00%。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,其次为头孢唑林、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星;肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,其次为头孢唑林、左氧氟沙星和环丙沙星;铜绿假单胞菌对头孢曲松耐药率最高,其次为环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星;粪肠球菌对青霉素耐药率最高;其次为左氧氟沙星、氨苄西林、庆大霉素、环丙沙星等药物;屎肠球菌对青霉素及庆大霉素耐药率最高。结论:尿路感染患儿尿液中的病原微生物分布广泛且耐药严重,各病原微生物对不同抗菌药物耐药性不同,及早进行细菌培养及药敏试验,有助于提高治疗效果。

Objective： To analyze e distribution of pathogenic microbes and results of drug sensitivity test in 70 children with urinary tract infection. Methods： The clinical data of a total of 70 children with urinary tract infection were retrospectively analyzed.They were all given urine specimen bacteria culture and drug sensitivity test. The distribution of the pathogenic microbes and the results of drug sensitivity test were analyzed. Results： A total of 75 strains were cultured in the urine culture of the 70 children with urinary tract infection,including 82.67% of Gram-negative bacteria（ top three were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa）,13.33% of Gram-positive bacteria（ top two were Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium）,and 4.00% of fungi.The analysis of drug sensitivity test showed that the resistance rate of Escherichia coli to Ampicillin was the highest,followed by Cefazolin,Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin; the resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to Ampicillin was the highest,followed by Cefazolin,Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin; the resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Ceftriaxone was the highest,followed by Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin; the resistance rate of Enterococcus faecalis to Penicillin was the highest,followed by Levofloxacin,Ampicillin,Gentamicin,Ciprofloxacin and other drugs; and the resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium to Penicillin and Gentamicin was the highest.Conclusions： The pathogenic microbes of the children with urinary tract infection are widely distributed and have high drug resistance.Various pathogenic microbes have different resistance degrees to different antimicrobial agents. Therefore,early urine culture and drug sensitivity test are helpful to improve the treatment effects.