从《枕中记》看唐代士人的心态与价值取向

On the Mentality and Value Orientation of Scholars in Tang Dynasty from Zhen Zhongji

沈既济的《枕中记》一方面以"梦"的形式呈现出唐代士人积极进取但又带有功利主义色彩的精神风貌,另一方面也反映出他们在实现功名富贵的人生理想的过程中产生的虚无、困惑之感,这受到复杂的社会政治因素与个人经历的影响。面临人生的重重困境,士子们先前那种昂扬进取的意识逐渐减弱,心态与价值追求也都发生了转变:由儒家积极入世的追求转向佛道的淡泊自足,由对恍惚人生经历的反思上升到哲理层面的自身价值的思考。

On the one hand, Shen Jiji＇s Zhen Zhongji, in the form of ＂dream＂, presents the spiritual style of the scholars in the Tang Dynasty, which is positive but utilitarian. On the other hand, it also reflects their sense of nothingness and confusion in the process of realizing the ideal of fame and wealth in life, which is influenced by complicated social and political factors and personal experiences. In the face of the difficulties of life, the former high and enterprising consciousness of the scholars gradually weakened, and the mentality and value pursuit also changed： the pursuit of the Confucian ideal of active participation turned to the indifferent self-sufficiency of Buddhism and Taoism, and the reflection on the trance life experience rose to the philosophical level of self-worth thinking.