地铁运营中断下公交桥接疏运车辆应急调度模型及算法

Model and Algorithm for Bridging Bus Emergency Dispatching Problem during Metro Operational Disruptions

在地铁线路发生较长时间的运营中断事件下,从公交既有停车场或首末站调派公交车辆,为中断地铁车站的受影响乘客提供快速、有效的公交桥接疏运服务,是提高城市公共交通系统应急联动管理水平和服务可靠性的必要手段。本研究针对公交桥接疏运车辆应急调度问题中"疏运需求远超单辆公交车辆运能"的特征,以完成各中断站待疏运乘客的总疏运时间最小化为优化目标,建立公交车辆多循环应急调度优化模型,将动态系统仿真方法整合到带特定变异算子的改进遗传算法中求解模型,并进行实例验证。对比分析表明,本文设计的改进遗传算法在求解效率、求解效果和算法稳定性方面均优于标准遗传算法,能够有效提高公交桥接疏运效率、降低疏运成本。

In case of metro operational disruptions lasting for a long period of time,quick and efficient services of evacuation and alternative transportation are necessary for all or part of affected metro passengers,including the most widely used practice of＂bridging＂metro stations using buses dispatched from existing depots or bus terminal stations.It plays an important role in improving the quality of emergency management and service reliability of urban public transportation system during metro operational disruptions.Firstly,taking into account the feature of evacuation demand far exceeding bus capacity in the bridging bus emergency dispatching problem,a multi-cycle bus emergency dispatching optimization model was proposed to minimize the total evacuation time of all or part of affected passengers in interrupted metro stations.Secondly,an improved genetic algorithm with customized mutation operator and integrated dynamic system simulation method was proposed to solve the optimization model.Finally,a case study was carried out and analyzed.The comparative analysis shows that the improved algorithm performs better than standard genetic algorithm in terms of solving efficiency,solving effect and algorithm stability,which can effectively improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of bus bridging evacuation and transportation service.