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言象、理志:张惠言“统乎志”的赋论及批评实践

Expressing Image and Managing Mind: Zhang Huiyan's Opinion on Fu Unified in Mind and Criticism Practice
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摘要 张惠言《七十家赋钞》继承汉代以诗为赋源的观点,提出其赋学的核心命题:赋"统乎志",包括"言象"和"理志"两个层面,其思维方法就是后来他在《易》学中总结的"比事合象""以象言志"。张惠言试图消泯赋"统乎志"与魏晋以来"体物"的赋体观之间的冲突,并建构以楚辞为转捩的文体源流系谱和以屈原为大宗的赋家系谱,最终达到推重赋体的目的。在批评实践中,或直陈喻义、追索本事,揭示作者之"志",或文本互证、勾勒意脉,揭示作者之"志"的呈现方式。既有经学的色彩,也有辞章学的旨趣。《七十家赋钞》将常州派重经世、桐城派重辞章的学术旨趣融为一体,一定程度上体现了经术与文章兼茂的追求。 Zhang Huiyan, inheriting the point of view in Han Dynasty that Fu originated from poetry, putted forward his core proposition in his Selected Fu of 70 Writers that Fu was unified in mind. The proposition consists of two aspects: expressing image and managing mind. Zhang Huiyan's mode of thinking, summed up in researching the Book of Changes, was combining things into image and articulating mind by image. Zhang Huiyan tried to clear the conflicts between Fu unified in mind and Fu describing things, and to build the genealogy of genre, considering Chu Ci as the turning point, and to build the genealogy of writes, considering Qu Yuan as the giant suzerain, finally reached the goal of respecting Fu. In his criticism practice with tendentiousness both the literature and the study of Confucian classics, Zhang Huiyan uncovered writer's mind by speaking out connotation and searching original story, uncovered the mean of expressing mind by text cross-attestation and tracing text clue. In Selected Fu of 70 Writers, Zhang Huiyan reconciled aspiration of Changzhou school's administering affairs and Tongcheng school's production of literature, sought to be expert in both the literature and the study of Confucian classics.
作者 邹福清 ZOU Fu-qing(Literature School, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Chin)
机构地区 湖北大学文学院
出处 《江苏理工学院学报》 2018年第1期24-31,共8页 Journal of Jiangsu University of Technology
基金 2017年国家社科基金重大项目"中国赋学编年史"(17ZDA240)子课题"清代赋学编年史"成果
关键词 张惠言 《七十家赋钞》 统乎志 言象 理志 Zhang Huiyan Selected Fu of 70 Writers unified in mind expressing image managing mind
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