多轴载重车侧翻模型研究

Rollover model of multi-axle trucks

多轴载重车由于具有尺寸大、质量大和质心高等特点,其在行驶过程中常常具有侧翻的危险。因此,针对多轴载重车,对其侧翻模型进行了研究。考虑到载重车多轴转向、轮胎非线性以及油气弹簧非线性等因素,建立了多轴载重车的非线性三自由度侧翻模型,并通过实车实验验证了其准确性。以非线性模型为基础,进一步研究了模型中的主要非线性参数对车辆响应的影响。结果表明:一定范围内,轮胎的侧偏刚度对车辆的姿态影响不大;而油气弹簧的刚度对车辆侧倾角度有显著影响,对车辆侧向加速度几乎无影响。

Multi-axle trucks are prone to rollover in their driving due to its giant size,larger mass and higher gravity center. Here,the rollover model of multi-axle trucks was studied. A 3-DOF nonlinear rollover model for them was built considering characteristics of multi-axis steering,tire nonlinearity and suspension nonlinearity. Real vehicle tests were conducted to verify the correctness of the model. Effects of the main nonlinear parameters in the model on the vehicle’s dynamic responses were studied based on the nonlinear model. The results showed that the lateral leaning stiffness of tire has little effect on the vehicle attitudes within a certain range; the rigidity of hydro-pneumatic spring of suspension has a significant influence on the vehicle roll angle,while it has little effect on the lateral acceleration of the vehicle.