“一流学科”建设背景下农林类高校科研效率的动态变化及差异比较——基于EBM和Metafrontier-Malmquist模型的分析

Dynamic Change and Difference of Scientific Research Efficiency in Agricultural and Forestry Universities under the Background of “First-class Disciplines” Construction

"双一流"建设对我国发展教育强国具有重要意义。本文观察2008~2016年38所农林类院校科研的投入和产出数据,使用EBM、Global-Malmquist和Metafrontier-Malmquist模型测算和比较了科研技术效率、全要素生产率及组间差异。研究发现:农林类高校科研资源的配置和管理水平整体在改善,平均技术效率逐步提高到0.902,其中"一流学科"高校提高幅度更大;整体科研全要素生产率累积提高了48.7%,且"一流学科"高校高于普通高校37.26%,整体上技术效率提高的贡献大于科技进步的贡献,两类高校比较来看,技术效率改善的差异较小、科技进步的差距较大;技术落差改变率方面,"一流学科"建设院校在追赶前沿科研绩效上占全面优势,而其它高校与前沿的差距则还在扩大。

The construction of＂two first-class＂is of great significance to the development of a powerful country in education.This paper observed the input and output data of scientific research in agricultural and forestry universities from 2008 to 2016,and used EBM,Global-Malmquist,Metafrontier-Malmquist model to calculate the technical efficiency,total factor productivity and differences between groups.The allocation and management of scientific research resources in agricultural and forestry universities have been improving overall,and the average technical efficiency has gradually increased to0.902,of which the ＂first-class discipline＂universities have seen a great increase;the total factor productivity index increased by 48.7%,of which,the contribution of technical efficiency change is greater than the technological change,the＂first-class discipline＂universities are 37.26% higher than ordinary universities;according to the classification,the＂firstclass discipline＂universities occupy overall advantages in catching up with the frontier scientific research performance,while the gap between other universities and the frontier is still expanding.