摘要
如何有效地制止搭便车现象,这是合作领域研究中重要的问题。许多研究者对此提出了一些解决方法,惩罚制裁的引入便是其中之一。文章全面梳理了惩罚和合作的相关文献,介绍了三种主要的惩罚形式,即同伴惩罚、集中惩罚和第三方惩罚,对其如何促进合作进行了分析讨论,总结出影响惩罚有效性的边界条件,探讨了惩罚的有效替代机制,从而为进一步研究惩罚与合作间的关系提供参考,以引入更有效的刺激因素制止或减弱搭便车现象,促进合作。
How to stop free-riding phenomenon effectively is an important problem in the field of cooperation. Many researchers have proposed solutions and the introduction of punishment is one of them. This article combed the relevant literature of punishment and cooperation and introduced three main forms of punishment： Companion punishment, centralized punishment and third-party punishment. The article also analyzed and discussed how to promote cooperation, summed up the boundary condition that affect the validity of punishment, then discussed the effective substitution mechanism of punishment, thereby providing a reference for study the closer relationship between punishment and cooperation and introducing more effective stimulus to stop or weaken hitchhike phenomenon to promote the cooperation.
作者
孔程程
王晓明
KONG Chengcheng1, WANG Xiaoming1,2(1 School of Education Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165; 2 School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 20006)
出处
《心理研究》
2018年第2期166-172,共7页
Psychological Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDB121)
关键词
搭便车现象
惩罚制裁
合作行为
free-riding phenomenon
punishment of sanctions
cooperative behavior
