研发要素空间联系及其对区域创新绩效的影响——基于浙江省的实证研究

Spatial Linkages of R&D Elements and Their Effects on Regional Innovation Performance——An Empirical Study Based on Zhejiang Province

文章以2008-2015年浙江省11个地市的面板数据为研究样本,运用引力模型剖析了研发要素空间联系及其演化特征,进一步构建空间计量面板模型实证探讨了研发要素空间联系对区域创新绩效的影响。研究发现:浙江省各地市的研发经费和研发人员空间联系总量与2008年相比均有大幅度增加,地区空间联系强度差异明显,空间联系强势区域主要集中在浙东北地区;研发经费和研发人员空间联系网络结构变化显著,研发经费由2008年的"一字"型简单空间网络结构发育为2015年的多核心的"蝴蝶"型空间网络结构,研发人员由2008年的"直线"型简单空间网络结构发育为2015年的多核心的"三脚架"型空间网络结构。计量模型结果显示研发经费空间联系对浙江省区域创新绩效有显著的正向促进效应,并存在正的直接效应、间接效应和总效应,研发人员空间联系对浙江省区域创新绩效影响不显著,存在空间竞争效应。

Taking the panel data of 11 prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang province from 2008 to 2015 as samples, this paper measures and studies the special linkages of R＆D elements and their characteristics by using the gravity model, and then empirically tests the effects of spatial linkages of R＆D elements on regional innovation performance by constructing the spatial econometric panel model. The study finds that： The total amount of R＆D expenditure spatial linkages and R＆D personnel special linkages among the cities of Zhejiang province has greatly increased since 2008, the regional differences in their spatial linkages＇ intensity have been lvmarkable, the regions with strong spatial linkages are mainly concentrated in the northeast of Zhejiang province; The network structures of spatial linkages of R＆D expenditure and R＆D personnel have changed significantly. The spatial network structure： of R＆D expenditure has been developed from the simple ＂-＂ type in 2008 to the muh-core ＂butterfly- shaped＂ type in 2015. The spatial network structure of R＆D personnel has been developed from the simple ＂linear＂ type in 2008 to the muh-core ＂tripod-shaped＂ type in 2015. The results of econometric model show that the spatial linkages of R＆D expenditure have a significant positive effect on regional innovation performance in Zhejiang province, and its direet effect, indirect effect and total effect are all positive. The spatial linkages of R＆D personnel have no significant effect on regional innovation performance in Zhejiang province, instead, it presents the spatial competition effect.