中国省域水资源生态足迹格局均衡性研究

Study on Equilibrium of Ecological Footprint Pattern of Provincial Water Resources in China

以水资源生态足迹格局模型为基础,通过基尼系数及其分解和重心迁移分析来衡量水资源配置的均衡程度和均衡性的动态演变过程。结果表明:(1)水资源生态压力保持"北高南低"格局,水资源经济效率高效区域主要集中于长江经济带、环渤海经济区、东南沿海地区和京津冀区域周边;(2)水资源生态压力总体基尼系数长期逼近于0.4的均衡性警戒线,地区间水资源生态压力差异较大。水资源经济效率总体基尼系数整体较低,我国水资源生态足迹与承载力不甚匹配,与GDP则较为匹配;(3)2006—2015年水资源生态压力的重心位于中国地理重心东北部,且有往东迁移的趋势,水资源经济效率的重心位于中国地理重心东南部,且有向西南部迁移的趋势。

We describe the equilibrium degree of water resources allocation and the dynamic evolution of equilibrium by Gini index and its decomposition and migration of barycenter based on ecological footprint of water resources pattern model.The results show that：（1）the ecological pressure of water resources is higher in the north and lower in the south,and the regions with high economic efficiency of water resources mainly concentrate in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,the Bohai Rim Economic Zone,the southeast coastal area and the surrounding region of Beijing—Tianjin—Hebei;（2）the overall Gini index of water resources ecological pressure is approaching the equilibrium warning line of 0.4 for a long time,and the ecological pressures of water resources in different regions are quite different,the overall Gini index of water resources economic efficiency is low,and the ecological footprint of water resources in China does not match the carrying capacity and is more in line with GDP;（3）during the period from 2006 to 2015,the barycenter of the ecological pressure of water resources is located in the northeast of Chinese geographical barycenter,and has a trend of eastward migration;the barycenter of the economic efficiency of water resources is located in the southeast of Chinese geographical barycenter,and has a trend of migration towards the southwest.