吉林省西部地区生态脆弱性的动态评价

Dynamic Evaluation of Ecological Vulnerability in Western Jilin Province

以吉林省西部为研究区域,选择人均GDP、人口密度、年末实有耕地面积、土地利用类型、年平均降水量、年平均相对湿度、年平均温度、坡度、高程、植被覆盖度10个指标,通过因子分析,构建了生态脆弱性评价体系,并基于主成分分析法对2000年、2006年、2012年吉林省西部地区生态脆弱性进行了综合定量评价并分级,最后对生态脆弱性的空间分布和动态变化进行了分析。结果表明:研究区2000年、2006年、2012年生态脆弱性指数平均值分别为0.600±0.129,0.531 9±0.111,0.506±0.118,整体处于中度脆弱水平。2000—2012年吉林省西部地区整体生态脆弱性综合指数呈不断下降趋势,说明研究区的整体生态环境呈逐渐好转趋势。吉林省西部地区生态脆弱性呈西高东低的空间分布规律。此外,2000—2012年,研究区生态脆弱度主要受气候因素和人为活动共同影响。

Taking western Jilin Province as the study area,we selected 10 indicators including the per capita GDP,population density,actual cultivated land area at the end of the year,land use type,the average annual precipitation,annual average relative humidity,average temperature,slope,elevation and vegetation coverage to build the ecological vulnerability evaluation system by using factor analysis.And based on the principal component analysis,we quantitatively evaluated and classified the ecological vulnerability in 2000,2006 and 2012.Finally,we analyzed the spatial distribution and dynamic change of ecological vulnerability in western Jilin Province.The results showed that the average value of ecological fragility level index（EVLI）in 2000,2006 and 2012 were 0.600±0.129,0.531 9±0.111 and 0.506±0.118,respectively,indicating that the overall vulnerability index was in a moderately fragile level;During 2000—2012,the EVLI in western Jilin Province presented the downward trend,which indicated that the overall ecological environment of the study area was gradually improved.With respect to spatial distribution pattern,ecological fragility was low in the east and high in the western.Moreover,during 2000—2012,the ecological vulnerability of the study area was mainly affected by climate factors and land use types.