基于能值分析的西安市3个发展核心区生态健康评价

Assessment on Ecological Health of Three Developed Core Districts in Xi′an Based on Emergy Analysis

基于能值分析和城市复合生态系统的理论和方法,从生态环境系统和社会经济系统两方面,对西安市的灞桥区、雁塔区和未央区3个发展核心区2014年的基础数据进行了能值分析,并进行了生态健康评价,以期为研究区可持续发展提供合理的建议和科学依据。通过PSR模型建立了研究区生态系统健康评价指标体系,采用单因子评价模型评价了系统健康指标,运用层次分析法对单项指标进行赋权重,最后用多因子综合评价来衡量了3个发展核心区的生态健康程度。结果表明:灞桥区、雁塔区和未央区的生态健康指数分别为0.704,0.402,0.705,灞桥区生态环境现状较好,但对于不可更新资源的使用较为依赖,不利于该地区的可持续发展,应当有效利用本地资源;雁塔区社会经济发展较好,但实际人口为人口承载量的1.99倍,人为因素的干扰对雁塔区的生态环境有很大影响,该区社会经济发展主要依赖外部输入资源;未央区新型工业园区的建设将绿化与工业生产结合起来,但该区以第二产业为主,依然消耗大量不可再生资源,产生的工业"三废"污染环境,社会经济的发展主要以消耗本地能源为主。

Based on the theories and methods of emergy analysis and urban complex ecosystem,the basic data of three developed core districts in Xi′an,which is Baqiao District,Yanta District and Weiyang District,were calculated from two aspects of ecological environment system and social economic system,and the ecological health assessment was carried out to provide reasonable suggestions and scientific basis for the sustainable development of the study area.We used PSR model to establish the evaluation index system of ecosystem health in study area,and the single factor evaluation model was used to appraise the system health index,the individual index were weighted by analytic hierarchy process,finally,the ecological health degrees of three developed core districts were evaluated by multifactorial comprehensive evaluation.The results showed that the ecological health index of Baqiao District,Yanta District,Weiyang District were 0.704,0.402 and 0.705,respectively,Baqiao District had a good ecological environment situation,but it relied more on the use of nonrenewable resources,which was not conducive to its development and should make effective utilization of the local resources;Yanta District had a better social and economic development,however,its actual population was 1.99 times higher than the population carrying capacity,the disturbance of human factors had a great influence on the ecological environment of Yanta District,the development of social economy in this area was more dependent on external input resources;the construction of new industrial park in Weiyang District combined greening with industrial production in a perfect way,but it was still dominated by second industries,the‘Three Waste＇emission seriously influenced the ecological environment,and the development of social economy mainly consumed the local resources.