语义修辞的生成机制研究

On the production mechanism of semantic rhetorics

本文基于心智哲学的意识理论,构建了语义修辞生成机制分析框架"意识双重结构模型(DSCM)"。语义修辞的生成过程可以描述为:在意向性主导下,表达主体基于意识的本体结构与摹状结构,依靠二者的同一性和记忆/联想/想象手段实现二者的转换,进一步基于该同一性,依靠在心-物随附性作用下形成的能够体现不同语义域的A与B两事物之间关系的可能性特征,以构建"A是B"表达式,最后生成能体现讲话人交际意图的语义修辞话语。在该过程中,基于意识双重结构的同一性依靠心物随附性提取可能性特征以形成"A是B"构式是语义修辞话语生成的关键环节,也是语义修辞话语不同于一般话语的核心机制;主体意向性的意向内容体现为摹状结构里的心理内容成为讲话人意欲表达的意义,而意向态度体现为语义修辞话语的选择;意识的本体结构转换为摹状结构存在两种深度不同的显现即经验型显现和超验性显现,语义修辞话语主要是超验性显现。

Under the Consciousness Theory of the Philosophy of Mind,the present paper proposes the Doublet-Structure-ofConsciousness Model（ DSCM） for the production of semantic rhetorics. The whole production process can be described as follows. Firstly,with intentionality oriented,the ontological structure of consciousness is transformed into the modifying structure on the basis of the＂identity＂between the two and by means of reflection relying on memory,association or/and imagination;secondly,further based on this ＂identity＂,a representation＂A is B＂is established by means of the abstraction of the possible feature which characterizes the relation between A and B,namely the relation representing semantic deviation in the analytic process of mental-physical supervenience; thirdly,there appears the semantic rhetorics which can reflect the speaker＇s communicative intention. In this production process,the crucial step is abstracting the possible feature,which represents the main difference between the production of semantic rhetorics and that of common utterances; the mental content of modifying structure emerges as the meaning to be expressed,which represents the intentional content,while the choice of semantic rhetorics indicates the speaker＇s intentional attitude; the transformation of ontological structure into the modifying structure is realized as two types of revelation with different depth,namely empirical revelation and transcendental revelation,and semantic rhetorics mainly belong to the latter.