双语转换代价与口译增效策略

Bilingual switching cost and interpreting synergism strategies

鉴于国内外口译双语转换代价研究之阙如,本研究以复旦大学非英语专业本科学生译员为研究对象,以ERPs和SPSS为技术手段,以汉英双语转换任务为目标驱动,对汉英双语转换代价进行实验检测。研究发现:1)转换trials的命名反应时比非转换trials长,表明任务间转换引起时间代价;2)双语转换系列的反应时凸现长于无转换的单语系列,而且前者的错误率明显高于后者;3)为成功选择TL词条项目,对SL的抑制量大于TL,即两种任务的相对强度将影响用来抑制语言的强度,造成转换代价的不对称。为此,本研究提出心理词典、双语熟练、技能转换、灵动认知、情绪管理等口译增效策略,不仅能使学生译员克服由双语转换代价而引起的口译负效,而且能催生其口译增效。

Regarding the lack of research on bilingual switching cost in interpreting at home and abroad,this study driven by the task of bilingual switching as a goal,tests the non-English major undergraduate interpreters as the testees from Fudan University for their bilingual switching cost between Chinese and English by ERPs and SPSS. The research findings are： 1） the testees＇ reaction time of switching trials is longer than that of unswitching trials,which indicates that the switching of tasks causes the cost of time; 2） the testees＇ reaction time of bilingual switching serial is longer than that of unswitching single language serial,and the rate of errors for the former is higher than that for the latter; 3） for the successful selection of entry items from TL,the amount of inhibition in SL is huger than that in TL,i. e. the relative intensity of two tasks will impact on that of inhibiting language,which results in the dissymmetry of switching cost. Thereby,this study proposes the interpreting synergism strategies including psychological dictionary,proficient diglossia,switching techniques,flexible cognition,emotion management etc.,which can not only overcome student interpreters＇ interpreting negative effect caused by bilingual switching cost,but also expedite their interpreting synergism.