学术搜索过程中用户认知负荷变化——以中国知网的实证研究为例

Users' Cognitive Load Variation in the Process of Academic Search: An Empirical Research of CNKI

[目的/意义]探究学术搜索过程中的认知负荷动态变化规律,识别认知负荷最重的阶段及内在原因,为学术搜索系统设计人员提供相应的系统优化意见。[方法/过程]采用实证研究方法,招募20名用户,使用CNKI学术搜索平台完成包含6个任务阶段的搜索任务。收集定性访谈、定量问卷以及录屏软件得到的数据进行分析,揭示出学术搜索过程中用户认知负荷变化模式。[结果/结论]学术搜索过程中6个不同阶段用户认知负荷发生显著变化;相比焦点表达(FF)阶段和成果展示(RE)阶段,用户在聚焦探索(PE)阶段和标记内容(IG)阶段的认知负荷显著较高,在PE阶段达到峰值;在学术搜索过程的前两个阶段,即任务初始(TI)阶段和构建查询(TS)阶段用户的认知负荷处于较低水平,显著低于后4个阶段。本研究有助于系统设计人员更好地理解用户在不同阶段的认知负荷,为改善学术搜索系统的交互设计提供支持。

[ Purpose/significance ] The purpose of this study is to explore the dynamic variation patterns of cognitive load in academic search process, identify the heaviest cognition load stage and the reasons, and provide corresponding system optimization suggestions for academic search system designers. [ Method/process ] The empirical research method is adopted. Twenty participants are recruited to complete an academic search task with six stages on CNKI. The qualitative interview, quantitative questionnaires as well as screen records are analyzed to reveal the variation pattern of users＇ cognitive load during the academic search process. [ Result/conclusion ] The cognitive loads of the six different stages of academic search process change significantly. Compared with the focus expression （FF） stage and the result display （RE） stage, users＇ cognitive loads in the focus of the exploration （PE） stage and the marked content （IG） stage are significantly higher, and it reaches the peak in the stage of PE. In the first two stages of the academic search process, i. e. the initial stage of the task （TI） and the construction of the query （TS） stage, the users＇ cognitive loads are at a low level, significantly lower than the latter four stages. The research is helpful for system designers in better understanding users＇ cognitive loads in different search stages, and provides support in improving interactive design of academic search system.