契约农业能有效提高农户的收入吗?——以肉鸡养殖户为例

Does contract farming effectively improve farmers' income? An empirical research based on quantile regression

文章运用2016年江苏省11个县(市、区)的规模化肉鸡养殖户的实地调查数据,基于普通最小二乘回归和Heckman选择模型,从整体上测度了契约农业对农户收入的影响;并引入分位数回归模型,深入分析契约农业对不同收入层次农户的收入效应。研究结果显示,契约农业在整体上能够提高农户的人均养殖净收入,但对不同收入层次农户的影响存在较大差异性,即契约农业仅对低收入层次农户的收入产生显著的提升作用,而对其他收入层次农户的增收作用并不显著;此外,区域分样本研究结果表明,契约农业对欠发达地区农户的增收效应更为明显。因此,加大对中低收入层次农户以及欠发达地区农户参与契约农业的政策支持力度,积极推进契约农业组织模式创新,并鼓励部分高收入层次农户自主经营,是有效推进我国农业产业化发展,实现农户增收的关键所在。

By using the survey data of 359 broiler farmers with a certain scale in 11 counties( cities,districts) of Jiangsu province in 2016,this paper first measures the effect of contract farming on farmers' income overall based on the ordinary least squares regression and the Heckman selection-correction model. Then, a quantile regression model is constructed to further analyze the impact of contract farming on the farmers' income with different income levels. The results show that,on the whole,contract farming can improve the per capita net income of farmers,but the income effect of contract farming on farmers with different income levels is heterogeneous. Specifically,contract farming has a significantly positive income effect on low-income farmers. However,it has no significant income effect on farmers with other income levels. Additionally,the results of regional subsample show that contract farming has a positive effect on the income of farmers who are in less developed areas. Therefore,it is necessary to take some measures such as enhancing the policy support that encourages low-income farmers and farmers in less developed areas to participate in contract farming,actively promoting the innovation of contract farming form,and supporting the self-management for some high-income farmers.These are the critical measures to effectively promote the development of China's agricultural industrialization and realize the increase of farmers' income.