福建省实验兔球虫感染情况调查

A Survey of Eimeria Infections in Experimental Rabbits in Fujian Province

目的了解福建省实验兔球虫的感染情况。方法采集福建省6个地级市2家实验兔生产企业和12家使用单位的实验兔粪样,通过饱和盐水漂浮法对卵囊进行收集,测定每克粪便中卵囊数(OPG)并对孢子化的卵囊进行鉴定。结果本次调查共收集和分析了195个样本,阳性样本28个,总感染率为14.36%,OPG平均值为2 333.33。2个实验兔生产企业感染率为22.22%,12家实验兔使用单位感染率为13.10%。共检出10种兔球虫,均为混合感染,以斯氏艾美耳球虫为优势虫种。普通级实验兔的球虫感染率为15.30%,清洁级实验兔未见球虫感染。幼兔球虫检出率最高,感染率为17.50%,青年兔次之,成年兔感染率最低,感染强度最高。我省生物制药企业实验兔球虫感染强度最大,OPG平均值为5 678.39,感染率也较高。在医院、高校等科研单位,实验兔也存在不同程度的球虫感染。结论福建省实验兔球虫感染率较低。但日常工作中还是应进一步加强实验兔球虫病的监测与防治,并建议将兔球虫病纳入国家标准中普通级实验兔必要时的检测项目。

Objective To investigate the infection of coccidian in experimental rabbits in Fujian province. Methods Feces were collected from 2 experimental rabbit producers and 12 experimental units in 6 prefecture level cities of Fujian province. The oocysts were collected by the method of saturated brine floating. The oocysts per gram of faeces （OPG） was determined and the sporulated oocysts were identified. Results A total of 195 samples were collected and analyzed in this survey, with 28 positive samples, the total infection rate was 14.36%, and the average OPG （represent infection intensity） was 2 333.33. The infection rate of 2 experimental rabbit producers was 22.22%, and the infection rate of 12 experimental units was 13.10%. A total of 10 kinds of rabbit coccidia were detected, all of them were mixed infection. Eimeria tenella was the dominant species. The infection rate of coccid- ian in the ordinary experimental rabbits was 15.30%, and coccidian can not be found in the cleanliness experimental rabbits. The positive rate of coccidian in weanling rabbits was the highest, the infection rate was 17.50%, the growing rabbits was the second. The breeding rabbits had the lowest infection rate and the highest infection intensity. In our province, bio-pharmaceutical enterprises had the highest infection rate of rabbit coccidia, the average OPG was 5 678.39, and the infection rate was also higher. In hospitals, universities and other research institutes, there are varying degrees of experimental coccidia infection. Conclusions The infection rate of coccidian in experimental rabbits in Fujian province is lower than other provinces. In daily work, we should further strengthen the experimental rabbit coccidian monitoring, prevention and control. It is suggested that rabbit coccidian should be included in the national standard of conventional experimental rabbits as necessary test items.