2016年哈尔滨市青年学生艾滋病哨点监测结果分析

Analysis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome sentinel surveillance of young students in Harbin in2016

目的了解2016年哈尔滨市青年学生有关艾滋病相关知识及行为现状，为学校采取有针对性的健康干预提供理论依据。方法采用分阶段整群抽样方法，抽取哈尔滨市的两所院校学生808名，进行匿名问卷调查和人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）、梅毒螺旋体抗体（treponema pallidum，TP）和丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis c virus，HCV）抗体血清学检测。结果HIV和HCV均未出现阳性，梅毒阳性5例；对艾滋病知识的知晓率为72.7%，而＂目前我国青年学生中艾滋病流行呈快速增长趋势，主要传播方式为男性同性性行为，其次为异性性行为，是吗＂，正确率最低，仅为68.81%；在此调查中，有过性行为的学生占总人数的25.12%，其中男生占74.38%；首次性行为高发年龄段为15-21岁占94.09%；在最近一年与固定性伴、临时性伴、商业性伴、同性性伴发生性行为时坚持使用安全套的分别占38.10%、28.95%、25.00%、50.00%。接受过艾滋病宣传服务的占总人数的57.92%。结论说明青年学生对艾滋病防治知识的掌握参差不齐，性行为活跃，安全套使用率低，缺乏自我保健和防范意识。建议进一步加强健康教育和行为干预，提高安全性行为意识，控制艾滋病在此类人群中传播。

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to understand the current situation of AIDS related knowledge and behavior among young students in Harbin in 2016, and to provide theoretical basis for targeted health intervention in universities.MethodsA total of 808 students from two universities in Harbin were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling.An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among the subjects who also received serological detection of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）, treponema pallidum （TP） and hepatitis c virus （HCV） antibodies.ResultNo subject with positive HIV and HCV was detected .5 subjects were detected with syphilis.The awareness rate for the AIDS- related knowledge among the subjects studied was 72.7%.The response accuracy to the statement ＂at present, the prevalence of AIDS among young students in China is growing rapidly, and the main mode of transmission is male homosexual behavior, followed by heterosexual sex, right？ ＂was 68.81%.In this survey, 25.12% of the subjects have had sexual experience, with boys accounting for 74.38%.94.09% of the subjects had their first sexual behavior between the age of 15 and 21.In the past year, condom-using subjects with a fixed partner, casual sexual partner, commercial sexual partner, and homosexual partner accounted for 38.10%, 28.95%, 25.00%, and 50.00% respectively.57.92% of the subjects have received AIDS publicity service. ConclusionYoung students vary greatly in their mastery of knowledge of AIDS prevention and control.Their sexual activity is active, but the proportion of condom usage is low.Students also lack the awareness of self-protection against HIV infection.This study suggests that health education and behavioral intervention should be further strengthened so as to improve the awareness of safe sexual behavior and to control the spread of AIDS among young students.