数字劳动、数字商品价值及其价格形成机制——大数据社会条件下马克思劳动价值论的再解释

Digital Labor,Digital Commodity Value and Its Pricing Mechanism——Reinterpretation of Marx's Labor Theory of Value Under the Condition of Big Data

数字劳动与数字商品是大数据社会条件下涌现的新价值源泉与价值载体。数字商品具有非消耗性、时效性、可复制性、可分享性、可分割性、排他性、边际成本为零等新特点,在大数据社会条件下其价值、交换价值、使用价值对应的归属权即所有权、经营权、使用权在价值运动中既相互联系又相对独立;数字商品价格依然遵循价值规律,但数字商品所有权和经营权垄断取得的绝对租金和级差租金(产权收益和专利收益)在价格形成中占据重要地位,对数字商品征收的税金构成其价格的政策影响因素,市场供求关系变动是其价格波动的主要影响因素。

Digital labor and digital commodity are the new value source and value carrier emerging from the big data era.Being non-consumptive,timely,duplicable,sharable,segmental,exclusive,and zero in marginal cost in the big data social environment,digital commodity is featured with value dynamics with its ownership,management right and use right corresponding to the attribution rights of value,exchange value and use value respectively, which are not only interconnected but also relatively independent.Although still following the value rules,digital commodity is priced largely based on the absolute rent and differential rent derived from the income of property right and patent right.The tax collected from digital commodity serves as the policy influencing factor for its pricing,and the change of demand-supply relationship in the market contributes mainly to the fluctuation of its pricing.