圈子运作如何形塑了君权合法性?——唐太宗君权合法性建立过程的社会学分析

How does the Circle Shape the Monarchical Legitimacy?——Based on the Establishment Process of Tang Taizong's Monarchical Legitimacy During 626-630 Years

君主制官僚系统有其特性与运作方式。在官僚系统内,君主欲使其权力合法化,就需要实现对整个官僚系统的强力控制与有效支配。为了达到这一目的,君主需要进行三个面向的圈子运作:一是瓦解原有的政治圈子,分割以自己为中心的政治圈子,并做到相互制衡,形成以君主为唯一中心的圈子结构;二是以圈层辐射的方式形成由亲信、班底、熟人圈子层层扩展与相互连接的自己人圈子,并逐步以自己人替换掉原有的政治圈子;三是通过多元的监督机制、定时的职位调动以及争夺官员权力获取的合法性等方式,将圈间"桥"因上下级关系建立起来的庇护关系限定在一定范围之内。

The monarch needs to carry out three kinds of operation to establishment and strengthen monarchical Legitimacy： Firstly,destroy the original political circles,partition his own political circle,and keep balance with each other circles,establish the circle which put the monarch as its only center; Secondly,consolidate his own circle which is constituted with cronies,team and acquaintance through circle radiation,and replace the original political circles by his own circle; Finally,limit the protection between the inter-circle‘bridge’through the oversight mechanisms,job mobilization and fighting for officials’ legitimacy.