县级人大代表候选人提名过程中的选民参与

Voters' Participation in Candidates Selection Process of Deputies to County-level People's Congresses

基于选民调查资料和文献档案资料,对选民在代表候选人提名过程中的参与行为及态度进行了描述和分析。研究发现,选民在提名阶段的参与率比较低,近二十年来参与积极性显著下降,不同地区乃至在同一地区的不同选区之间,选民对提名程序的参与存在较大差异;在候选人资格和代表功能方面,选举组织者比较强调代表承担描述性代表的功能,而选民更多强调代表的实质性代表功能;从正式候选人确定程序来看,选举组织者主要倾向于采取酝酿协商等非程序化方式来确定正式候选人,而选民更希望通过预选等程序化机制来表达诉求。

Based on materials of voter investigation and literature review,the authors describe and analyze the participation behavior and attitude of voters in the process of nominating candidates in the county-level people’s congress deputy elections. The study finds that the participation of voters in the nomination period was relatively low,and the participation of voters in different regions and even in the same region was significantly different in the past two decades. In terms of the eligibility and representation of candidates,the election organizer emphasized the function of the representative to undertake descriptive representation,and the electorate had more emphasis on the function of the substantive representation of the representative. From the formal candidate’s determination procedure,the election organizers are mainly inclined to adopt non-procedural modalities such as deliberation and consultation to determine the formal candidates,and voters prefer to express their demands through a pre-selected procedural mechanism. The article puts forward some operational suggestions on improving the nomination procedure of candidates.