“机器换人”背景下新生代农民工技能提档升级的问题和策略探析

A Study on Problems and Strategies of the New Generation of Migrant Workers Skills Upgrading in the Background of Machine Substitutions

农民工失业潮来袭,制造业"机器换人"蓄势待发。当前,提升新生代农民工技能是国家产业升级的客观要求,是企业降本增效的必然选择,是职业院校应有之义的体现,是新生代农民工的主观意愿。"机器换人"背景下,从政府、职业院校、企业及新生代农民工自身四个方面思考提升新生代农民工技能存在的问题,需要政府规范职业教育立法,职业教育和劳动市场对接培养新生代农民工技能;部分职业院校转轨培训学校,互联网+职业培训相结合提高新生代农民工技能;企业文化融入职业技能培训,眼前利益向长远利益转变提升新生代农民工技能;个人树立终身技能学习理念,低级工人向高级技工发展升级新生代农民工技能。

Migrant workers unemployment is hitting since there is a tendency that the machines are ready to take the place of these workers. Currently, improving the skills of the new generation of migrant workers is the objective requirement of the national industrial upgrading, the inevitable choice for enterprises to reduce the efficiency,the embodiment of the meaning of vocational colleges and the subjective will of the new generation of migrant workers. In the background of machine substitutions, the problems should be considered to improve the skills of the new generation of migrant workers from four aspects including the government, vocational colleges, enterprises and the new generation of migrant workers themselves. The government should regulate the legislation of vocational education, combining vocational education with the labor market to cultivate the skills of the new generation of migrant workers; some vocational school should transform into training schools, combining the Internet plus with vocational training to improve new generation of migrant workers skills; enterprise culture should be integrated into vocational skills training, from the immediate interests to the long-term interests to improve the new generation of migrant workers skills; individuals should establish lifelong learning skills and lower skilled workers should develop into higher ones so that the skills of the new generation of migrant workers could be upgraded.