黑龙江省城乡居民卫生服务需求弹性研究

Elasticity research of the demand for health care services among urban and rural residents in Heilongjiang Province

目的通过测算黑龙江省居民卫生服务需求弹性,分析城乡居民卫生服务需求的经济规律。方法应用黑龙江省2013年国家卫生服务调查的数据,引入Probit回归模型,测算黑龙江省城市和农村的卫生服务需求自价格弹性、交叉弹性和收入弹性。结果黑龙江省城市居民和农村居民门诊服务自价格弹性分别为-0.432和-0.131,住院服务自价格弹性分别为-0.318和-0.418;农村居民的门诊和住院服务交叉价格弹性分别为-0.123和-0.102;城市和农村住院服务收入弹性分别为0.620和0.523。结论城市居民对门诊服务价格更敏感,而农村居民对住院服务价格更敏感;农村居民中,门诊和住院服务呈现互补关系;城市居民住院服务收入弹性高于农村居民。

Objective To estimate elasticity of the demand for health care services among urban and rural residents in Heilongjiang Province and analyze its economic rules. Methods Data from the Fifth National Health Service Survey were collected,and a Probit model was used to calculate the own-price elasticity,the cross-price elasticity and the income elasticity of demand for health care services. Results The own-price elasticity of demand for outpatient services was-0.432 and-0.131,respectively among urban and rural residents,while that for inpatient services was-0.318 and-0.418,respectively. The cross-price elasticity of demand for outpatient and inpatient services was-0.123 and-0.102,respectively,among rural residents. The income elasticity of demand for inpatient services was 0.620 and 0.523,respectively among urban and rural residents. Conclusion Urban residents are more sensitive to the price of outpatient services,while rural residents are more sensitive to the price of inpatient services. Outpatient and inpatient services are complements for each other among rural residents. The growth of inpatient services in urban residents is faster than that in rural residents as a response to income growth.