论我国刑事法庭的布局改革——基于场域理论的视角

A study of the reform of criminal court layout in China——Based on the perspective of field theory

刑事法庭布局作为建筑内空间布局的一种,承载着丰富的文化意涵,是法治文化的物质形态。作为纠问式诉讼的展示场所,我国刑事法庭布局是一种囊括了审判者与被审判者关系、权威压制关系、烦琐程序规则的抽象场域,这一场域的布局无法容纳诉讼各方的平等博弈关系,并且与诉讼法学界流行的当事人主义或抗辩式诉讼的基本理念相冲突,更为严重的是隔离了社会良知、降解了社会公众对刑事审判的理解与信任。在场域理论视角下,我国刑事法庭布局应该借鉴英美法系法庭布局的经验,朝着体现抗辩式诉讼理念、细化刑事审判过程中的社会分工、引进社会良知、有利于陪审员独立表达建议的方向发展,从封闭空间走向开敞空间,最终实现诉讼各方的平等博弈、法官中立,从而形成有利于提高司法公信力的理想格局。

Criminal court layout as a kind of spatial layout of the building,bearing the rich cultural implication,is the material form of the rule of law culture.As inquisitorial proceedings show place,China criminal court（ICC）is a kind of layout including the relationship between the judge and the judged,authority to suppress and the abstract field of the rules of red tape.The disadvantages of this field are the inability to accommodate the equal relationship of game between the parties,and the conflict with procedural law popular party or the basic idea of an action in conflict.More serious is the isolating of social conscience and degradation of the public＇s understanding of criminal justice and trust.Under the field theory perspective,China criminal court layout should be based on the experience of the British and American common law courts layout,toward an litigation concept which embodies refined social division of labor in the process of criminal trial,the introduction of social conscience and favorable for jurors＇ independent expression from enclosure to open space.Finally we realize the equal relationship of game between the parties and promote the judge neutrality and ideal pattern to improve the judicial credibility.