新型防雨蚀抗静电涂层系统的制备

Preparation of a New Rain Erosion Resistant and Antistatic Coating System

目的针对高盐高湿热海洋环境下对涂层长期耐盐雾和耐湿热性能提出的更高要求,设计研制了一种新型防雨蚀抗静电涂层系统,以提高涂层系统的防雨蚀抗静电功能。方法采用新型饱和聚烯烃改性的弹性聚氨酯为基体树脂,通过研究饱和聚烯烃、导电填料的用量对涂层系统性能的影响,确定最优的配方设计。结果采用饱和聚烯烃型聚氨酯制备得到的防雨蚀抗静电涂层体系,在聚烯烃质量分数为40%时,其力学强度为21.3 MPa,断裂伸长率为385%,80℃热水浸泡19 d后,力学强度为15.8 MPa,断裂伸长率为280%,显示出优异的耐水性能。导电粉体质量分数为16%时,抗静电涂层表面电阻为4 M?/m^2。在75 d盐雾实验之后,涂层电性能依然稳定,显示良好的稳定性。并且涂层的工艺性能良好,可室温固化。结论饱和聚烯烃的引入提高了涂层的力学强度及弹性,增强了其防雨蚀冲刷性能,导电填料用量的优化提升了涂层系统的抗静电性能。此外,涂层系统的工艺性能良好,应用前景广阔。

The work aims to improve rain erosion resistance and antistatic property by developing a new rain erosion resistant and antistatic coating system to meet the higher requirement for long-term salt fog resistance and hydrothermal resistance made by composite rain erosion resistant and antistatic coating system in high-salt and highly hygrothermal environment. The coating system was made based on a new polyurethane elastomer which was modified by saturated polyolefin resin. The coating formula was optimized by studying effects of amount of saturated polyolefin resin and electrical fillers on coating system properties. The system exhibited excellent properties. Mechanical strength was 21.3 MPa and elongation was 385% when mass fraction of saturated polyolefin reached 40%. After the system has been immersed in 80 ℃ hot water for 19 days, its mechanical strength was 15.8 MPa and elongation was 280%, which showed good water resistance. The surface resistance of antistatic coating was 4 MΩ/m^2 when mass fraction of conductive powder was 16%. The electrical property remained stable after 75 days′ salt fog test. Meanwhile, the coating system exhibited excellent processing property, and could be cured at room temperature. The introduction of saturated polyolefin significantly improves mechanical strength and elasticity of the coating, and enhances its rain erosion resistance. The optimization of conductive filler promotes antistatic property of the coating system. Meanwhile, the new coating system has good processing properties and shows a broad application prospect.