刚性与弹性相结合的城市开发边界划定——以浙江省义乌市为例

Delineation of urban development boundary based on the combination of rigidity and elasticity: A case of Yiwu City in Zhejiang Province,China

在快速城市化背景下,以协调城市快速扩张与资源环境保护的突出矛盾为出发点,引入城市开发边界概念,在明确城市开发边界内涵的基础上,选择浙江省义乌市作为典型案例,运用生态红线判别法、生态敏感性评价划定生态本底边界,作为生态基本约束区;运用MCE-CA模型对2020年城市扩展进行模拟研究,并与生态敏感区进行互动调整,界定出城市开发边界和弹性控制区.结果表明:研究区生态本底边界外生态约束区总面积为385.2 km^2,是城市发展建设的生态安全警戒线;城市发展边界总面积为163.3 km^2,是现时可进行建设的空间界限,同时又能满足未来发展建设的区域;在生态本底边界与城市发展边界之间的区域是弹性控制区,允许城市开发活动在此区域进行,但建设规模不得超过城市发展边界总面积的8.5%.从边界的刚性与弹性结合角度划定城市开发边界,有利于引导城市空间有序发展,为我国城市开发边界的合理管控提供参考和借鉴.

Under the background of rapid urbanization,we took the contradiction between the rapid urbanization and resource environment protection as the starting point,conducted some theoretical research on urban growth boundary. Based on the definition of urban development boundary,we took Yiwu City,Zhejiang Province as a typical instance. Firstly,this study delimited the ecological boundary as ecological basic constraint area,using the methods of ecological red line discrimination and ecological sensitivity evaluation. Furthermore,the MCE-CA model was used in simulating the city size in 2020,making some adjustments to the moderate and low ecological-sensitive areas in the eco-sensitivity assessing,and delimiting the size of urban growth boundary and elastic control zones.The results showed that the ecological constraint area with a total area of 385.2 km2 and outside of the ecological boundary was the security line of urban development and construction. The urban growth boundary with a total area of 163. 3 km2 was not only the spatial boundary that could be constructed now,but also could meet the future development and construction. The district between the ecological boundary and urban growth boundary was an elastic control zone,in which urban development activities were allowed,but the size of construction could not exceed 8.5% of the total urban development boundary area. Our results delimited the urban development boundary under the rigidity and elasticity,which could guide the urban space development and provide a theoretical reference for China.