半导体单光子探测器信号提取技术研究

Research on signal extraction technology of semiconductor single photon detector

针对半导体单光子探测器的尖峰噪声信号较大，导致有效雪崩信号难以提取的问题。设计了基于高速过零比较器和脉宽测量装置的信号甄别方案，给出了单光子探测器的实验结构设置，门控脉冲信号的产生和雪崩信号的提取由FPGA完成。实验结果表明：在0．1MHz至10MHz门控条件且制冷温度为-55℃时，探测器的最大光子探测效率（PDE）约为29．2％。当探测效率为15％时，暗计数率均低于5．6×10^-5／gate，后脉冲概率（PAP）均低于5％。

The peak noise signal of semiconductor single photon detector is large, which leads to the problem that the effective avalanche signal is difficult to extract. To overcome the disadvantages, a signal discrimination technique based on high speed zero crossing comparator and pulse width measurer is designed. The setup of experimental structure for single photon detector is offered. The gated pulse signal is generated and avalanche signal is extracted by FP- GA. The experiment results show that： The maximum photon detection efficiency （PDE） of the detector is about 29.2% when the temperature is - 55 and the gating frequency is 0. 1 - 10MHz. When the PDE is 15%, the dark count rate （DCR） is less than 5.6×10^-5/gate, and after pulse probability （PAP） were lower than 5%.