大功率通信天线介质降损与末端电场的均化特性分析

Characteristics of dielectric loss and electric field homogenization at the terminal opening of high power communication antenna

为解决大功率通信天线因末端开口处电场畸变严重、局部场强过高导致介质损耗发热量过大进而使天线末端易发生断裂问题,通过对天线损耗发热的理论分析和建立天线末端三维电准静态场计算模型对天线介质降损与末端电场的均化特性开展了研究.得到如下结论:天线末端介质发热量与电场强度的平方成正比关系;天线外护套采用半导电材料、对天线末端承力金具进行倒角均可有效均化天线末端畸变电场;在天线末端安装均压金具是解决天线损耗发热断裂最有效的方法.

To solve the breakage failure of antenna caused by excessive heat loss of dielectric loss at the opening of the end of the high-power communication antenna,a theory analysis about the heat generation mechanism of dielectric loss is carried out and a 3D quasi-static electrical field is established to study the decreasing method of heat generation caused by dielectric loss and the electric field homogenization at the terminal opening of high power communication antenna.The research results show that：the power of dielectric heat loss has the quasi square relationship with the electric filed strength;using semi-conductive as the outer sheath material and increasing the radius of curvature of the load-bearing fittings are the effective methods to ameliorate the electric field distortion;installing the grading fittings at the end of the antenna is regard as the most promising and effective method to solve the electric field distortion problem fundamentally.