基于Ring-barrier相位的干线公交协调控制

Coordination Control for Traffic on Arterial Based on Ring-barrier Phase

为减少城市干线公交运行延误,提高干线公交运行效率,首先,基于Ring-barrier双环相位控制理念,结合干线公交协调控制技术,提出了一种适合于公交运行的相序与相位结构。在此结构之上,从干线协调控制参数角度出发,以公共周期信号、相位有效绿灯时间和双向相位差等参数分析为基础,考虑公交车行驶过程中受到中间停靠站以及自身行驶特性的影响,建立了干线公交协调控制的优化模型。其次,针对该模型中有效绿灯时间的计算以及相位差的选取,主要采用Lingo、MATLAB工具软件对其中的非线性问题和遗传算法优化进行了求解,同时结合延误三角形法,建立起延误评价函数用于评价公交协调控制效果。最后,结合实际案例与分支定界和遗传算法的解法,选取南京市城区某条城市干线并将其南北方向主干路设定为干线协调控制方向,采用两种计算工具对模型中的公共周期、有效绿灯时间、相位差等重要参数进行了优化、求解。结果表明:实施该算法后,公交车延误随着迭代次数的不断增加,延误函数值总体上呈现不断下降的趋势且收敛速度较快;在迭代计算的过程中,第50次迭代优化结果与第1次迭代结果相比,公交车的运行延误降低20.13%。

In order to reduce the delay and improve the operation efficiency of buses in urban arterial road,combining with the technology of arterial traffic coordination control,a phase sequence and phase structure suitable for bus operation is proposed based on the concept of Ring-Barrier double-loop phase control at first.From the view of the parameters of arterial coordination control,based on the analysis of parameters such as common cycle signal,effective green time,bi-directional signal offset,considering the impact of stops and its own driving characteristics on the bus travel process,the optimal model of coordination control for buses in arterial road is established. Second,for calculating the effective green time and selecting the signal offset in this model, the Lingo and MATLAB are used to solve the nonlinear problem and genetic algorithm optimization. Besides,combining with the delay triangle method,a delay evaluation function is established to evaluate the effectiveness of bus coordination control. Finally,combining with the actual case and the methods of branch-and-bound and genetic algorithm,one of the arterial roads in Nanjing City is selected and its north-south direction is set for the coordination control,and 2 kinds of tools are used to optimize and solve the common signal cycle,effective green time,signal offset and other important parameters in the model. The result shows that（ 1） after the implementation of the algorithm,the delay of buses decreased with the increasing of iterations,the delay function values generally show a declining trend and a faster convergencerate;（ 2） in the iteration process, compared with the result of the first iteration, the 50 th iterative optimization result indicates the bus delays are reduced by 20. 13%.