技术人工物使用寿命的机体哲学分析和伦理反思

The Organism Philosophical Reflection on the Service Life of Technical Artifacts

从机体哲学的视角看,技术人工物使用寿命引发的伦理问题,主要表现在技术人工物老化引发事故、技术人工物零部件损毁引发故障、技术人工物老化引发环境污染、过时的技术人工物引发意外风险等几个方面。造成这些问题的思想根源,主要是因为消费者追求"一劳永逸"的消费观念,对技术人工物使用寿命存在误解,对其使用体验存在局限性,管理者在技术使用上显得急功近利,忽视了技术体系的有机特性。为此,需要进一步加强对技术人工物使用寿命问题的技术伦理教育,建立技术人工物使用寿命的技术评价制度,完善技术人工物使用寿命的社会监管机制,以有效防范由于忽视技术人工物使用寿命而带来的风险和事故,构建技术进步与社会发展的和谐关系。

The risky problems caused by the service life of technical artifacts are mainly manifested in the following four aspects from the perspective of organism philosophy： 1） safety accidents caused by the aged technical artifacts; 2） safety accidents caused by some aged and damaged components of technical artifacts; 3） environmental problems caused by the aged technical artifacts; 4） obsolete technical artifacts pose risk problems.The epistemological causes of these problems are mainly due to the consumers’ pursuit of ＂once and for all＂consumption concept,the misunderstanding of ＂the service life of technical artifacts＂,the limitation experience of using technical artifacts,and managers’ pursuit of quick success and quick profit in the use of technology,the neglect of the organic characteristics of the technical system. Therefore,it is necessary to further strengthen the relevant education on the service life of technical artifacts,establish a technical evaluation system and perfect the social supervision mechanism of the service life of technical artifacts,so as to effectively prevent risks and accidents caused by ignoring the service life of technical artifacts,and thus building a harmonious relationship between technological progress and social development.