增施CO_2对温室番茄结果期叶片光合特性的影响

Effects of CO_2 enrichment on photosynthetic characteristics of greenhouse tomato during fruiting stage

针对日光温室冬春季生产CO_2匮缺严重的现象,以不增施CO_2[(400±25)μmol·mol^(-1)(C0)]为对照,研究增施不同浓度CO_2[(600±25)μmol·mol^(-1)(C_1)、(800±25)μmol·mol^(-1)(C_2)、(1000±25)μmol·mol^(-1)(C_3)]对番茄‘兴海12号’结果期光合色素、净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)以及水分利用率(WUE)等光合特性的影响,旨在明确北方地区日光温室番茄结果期适宜的CO_2浓度,为番茄的生产实践提供理论依据。结果表明:增施不同浓度CO_2后,番茄结果期叶片光合色素含量均明显增加;P_n、C_i和WUE显著提高;G_s和T_r显著下降;且CO_2浓度为(1000±25)μmol·mol^(-1)时效果最佳。增施(1000±25)μmol·mol^(-1)CO_2能有效改善番茄结果期叶片光系统、增强其光合作用,有利于番茄的生长发育。

There is an acute shortage of CO2 for winter and spring production of tomato in solar greenhouse. Here,we explored the effects of CO2 enrichment on the photosynthetic pigment content,net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,stomatal conductance（ Gs）,transpiration rate（ Tr）,intercellular CO2 concentration（ Ci） and water use efficiency（ WUE） of tomato cultivar‘Xinghai12＇,to identify the suitable CO2 concentration for tomato growth during fruiting stage and finally to provide theoretical basis for tomato production in solar greenhouse of north China. Four treatments with different CO2 concentrations were applied in this study：（ 400 ± 25） μmol·mol^-1 as control（ without CO2 enrichment,C0）,（ 600±25） μmol·mol^-1（ C1）,（ 800±25） μmol·mol^-1（ C＋2）,and（ 1000 ±25） μmol·mol^-1（ C3）. The results showed that CO2 enrichment notably increased the photosynthetic pigment contents of tomato during fruiting stage. Pn,Ciand WUE were significantly improved,while Gsand Trwere significantly decreased. In addition,the C3 treatment showed the strongest effects. It was therefore concluded that CO2 enrichment of（ 1000±25） μmol·mol^-1 could effectively improve the photosynthetic system of leaves and increase the photosynthesis of greenhouse tomato plants during fruiting stage,and thus would facilitate the growth and development of tomato.