万山汞矿区居民体内汞硒的含量、分布及相互关系

The concentrations,distribution,and interrelation of mercury and selenium in human body in Wanshan mercury mining area

硒作为汞矿的伴生元素被释放至周围环境,贵州万山汞矿区汞污染问题应综合考虑硒的影响。为了评估万山汞矿区居民体内汞硒的含量、分布及汞硒相互关系,选择当地人群30例,采集其血液、尿液和头发样品,分别测定总汞、甲基汞和硒含量。结果表明:31%的人群血液总汞和93%的人群头发总汞含量分别超过美国环境保护署(USEPA)推荐的安全限值(5.8μg·L^(-1)和1 mg·kg^(-1)),而24%的人群尿汞含量超过联合国工业发展组织(UNIDO)的限值5μg·L^(-1),表明研究人群存在不同程度的甲基汞和无机汞暴露风险。90%的研究人群头发硒含量为中高水平,体内足量硒可能对无机汞和甲基汞的积累起到抑制作用,从而在一定程度上降低了当地居民汞暴露的健康风险。

Selenium（ Se） was released into the surrounding environment as an associated element of mercury（ Hg）. When examining the Hg pollution in Wanshan Hg mining area,Guizhou Province,we should consider the presence of Se. To assess the Hg and Se levels,distribution,and their interactions in the residents in Wanshan mercury mining area,a total of 30 people were randomly selected in this study. The blood,urine,and hair samples were collected for determination of the concentrations of total mercury（ THg）,methylmercury（ Me Hg） and Se.The results showed that THg in 31% of blood samples and 93% of hair samples from the studied population exceeded the limits of 5. 8 μg · L^-1 and 1 mg · kg^-1 recommended by United States Environmental Protection Agency（ USEPA）,respectively. Urine Hg in 24% of the studied population exceeded the limit of 5 μg·L^-1 recommended by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization（ UNIDO）. The results indicated that the studied population was exposed to both Me Hg and inorganic Hg. Hair Se contents in 90% of the study population were at the medium and high levels. Sufficient Se in the human body may inhibit the accumulation of Hg and thus reduce the health risks of Hg exposure in local residents.