茶叶产地与品质的元素、同位素鉴别技术研究进展

Research progress of element and isotope identification technology for the origin and quality of tea

茶叶是我国特色地标性农产品之一,具有深厚的文化底蕴和区域资源优势,其产地溯源与品质鉴别具有重要意义。本文系统介绍了多矿质元素、稀土元素、稳定同位素等地球化学手段在国内外茶叶产地溯源和品质鉴别中的研究进展,并分析了这些方法的优势和不足。今后的相关研究应该进一步明确元素及同位素在"土壤-茶鲜叶-成品茶"中的迁移转化规律,辨识多因素如加工方式、人类活动及污染物等在茶叶"种植-生长-加工"过程中对其原产地信息及品质的影响,结合传统鉴别技术及大数据方法并综合比较多种统计模型,以期系统地建立和完善主要茶产地及名优茶产品的元素-同位素指纹图谱。这对茶树生长和生态环境改良及优势品种的选择,保护名优茶产品优势,树立正确的产品意识,建立良好的贸易秩序具有深远的意义。

Tea is one of the landmark agricultural products in China,which has profound cultural background and regional resource advantages. The origin tracing and quality identification of tea are of great significance. Here,we systematically reviewed the research progress of geochemical methods such as multi-elements,rare earth elements and stable isotopes in the origin tracing and quality identification of tea,and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. The future research should clarify the migration and transformation of elements and isotopes in ＂soiltea fresh leaf-made tea＂,and identify the roles of various factors such as processing methods,human activities and pollutants in ＂planting-growing-processing＂in affecting the originality information and quality of tea. At the same time,such progresses should be combined with the traditional identification technology and large data method. It is necessary to comprehensively compare various statistical models to establish and improve the element-isotope fingerprints of the main tea producing areas and famous tea products. All these efforts have far-reaching influences on improving tea plantation and ecological environment,selecting superior tea varieties,protecting the advantages of famous tea products,setting up correct product awareness,and establishing a good trade order.