北京市昌平区成人血脂异常流行及相关因素分析

Analysis of dyslipidemia and related factors in Changping District of Beijing

目的了解北京市昌平区居民血脂异常流行状况及相关因素,为居民血脂异常防治提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对3 989例18岁以上常住居民进行体格检查、问卷调查和实验室检测。结果调查对象TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C均值分别为4.84 mmol/L、1.55 mmol/L、1.40 mmol/L、3.13 mmol/L,均值性别差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TC和LDL-C均值年龄组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血脂异常患病率为30.1%(标化率为29.9%),男性(34.7%)高于女性(26.5%)(P<0.01)。18~岁、45~岁和≥60岁居民血脂异常患病率分别为27.5%、32.4%和28.8%,年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C异常率分别为8.9%、14.9%、12.0%和11.4%。血脂异常知晓率为26.8%。性别、肥胖、吸烟、中心性肥胖、高血压、糖尿病是血脂异常的危险因素。结论北京市昌平区居民血脂异常患病率较高,中年在职人群及老年人是重点防治人群,应采取必要的干预措施,降低血脂异常的发生。

Objective To understand the status of dyslipidemia and related factors in Changping District,so as to provide evidence for the development of prevention and control measures for people. Methods A total of 3 989 local residents aged ≥18 years were randomly selected by using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method for a study including physical examination,questionnaire survey and laboratory test. Results The mean value of TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C was4. 84 mmol/L,1. 55 mmol/L,1. 40 mmol/L,3. 13 mmol/L,respectively,and the differences of them had statistical significance between males and females（P 〈 0. 05）. And the differences of the mean values of TC and LDL-C had statistical significance among different age groups（P 〈 0. 01）. The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia was 30. 1%（the standardized prevalence rate was 29. 9%）,which was higher in males（34. 7%） than in females（26. 5%）（P 〈 0. 01）. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the groups of over 18 years old,over 45 years old,and over 60 years old was 27. 5%,32. 4%,28. 8%,respectively. And the difference of the prevalence of dyslipidemia had statistical significance among different age groups（P 〈 0. 05）. The abnormal rate of TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C was 8. 9%,14. 9%,12. 0%,11. 4%,respectively. The awareness rate of dyslipidemia was 26. 8%. Gender,obesity,smoking,central obesity,hypertension and diabetes were the risk factors for dyslipidemia. Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia was high in the residents in Changping. The prevention work should focus on middle-aged employees and elderly population,and it is necessary to carry out the effective intervention measures to reduce the occurrence of dyslipidemia.