丹江口水库着生藻类群落特征及其水质评价

Community structure of periphyton algae and water quality in the Danjiangkou Reservoir

旨在为湖库型水体水质评价提供多途径的评价方法和掌握人工基质上着生藻类群落时空变化特征,在丹江口水库陶岔(中线工程取水口)和台子山(湖北和河南交界处)2个典型水域采样点设置了自制水泥板和聚乙烯聚酯薄膜2种人工基质采样点,于2015年9月-2016年10月对着生藻类进行了6次连续监测,研究了着生藻类的种类组成和水质变化.结果表明,丹江口水库共检出着生藻类6门27科46属181种(或变种),其中硅藻为全年优势群,占着生藻类总种数的55.81%;绿藻和蓝藻分别占37.21%和6.98%.着生藻类群落存在时空差异性;人工基质种类对着生藻类种类组成影响不大,对着生藻类密度影响明显,同一采样点以水泥板为基质的着生藻类密度约为以聚乙烯聚酯薄膜为基质的着生藻类密度的1.2倍.着生藻类污染指示种4门12科13属17种(或变种),其中中营养型指示种占总指示种的78.57%.着生藻类香农威尔多样性指数为2.12,水质营养状态指数(EI)为38,水体处于中营养型状态.

In order to provide a multi-channel evaluation method for the evaluation of water quality of reservoir and understand the dynamic changes of the community structure of periphyton algae on the artificial substrate of the Danjiangkou Reservoir,two stations were monitored during the period of 2015.09-2016.10.Periphyton algae and physi-chemical indexes were measured.There were 181 species（varieties）,46 genera,and 6 divisions of periphyton algae.The dominance Bacillariophyta accounted for 55.81%.Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta accounted for 37.21% and 6.98%,respectively.There was no significant difference in species of periphyton algae between the two artificial substrates.However,the artificial substrates had the significant effects on the density of periphyton algae.There were 17 species（or varieties）,13 genera,and 4 divisions of saprobic indicators,with 78.57% of mesotrophication.The nutrient status index（EI）was 38.The Shannon-Weiner diversity index of periphyton algae was 2.12.In conclusion,the nutrition type of the Danjiangkou reservoir could be regarded as mesotrophy.