秀珍菇栽培配方优化及经济效益分析

Optimization of the Cultivation Formula and Analysis of Economic Benefit of Pleurotus pulmonarius

以秀珍菇主产区福建省罗源县的秀珍菇栽培配方为基础,通过杂木屑、棉籽壳等主要栽培基质的配比调整,设计了8个试验配方,进行菌丝生长情况、子实体产量、生物学效率和经济效益比较分析。结果表明,供试的8个配方秀珍菇均能正常发菌和出菇,但对秀珍菇的培养周期和产量影响不同。综合比较试验配方5(陈化木屑50%、棉籽壳35%、麸皮15%)栽培效果最好,其满袋时间(31 d)、后熟时间(16 d)和子实体产量(433.83 g·袋^(-1))均优于对照配方,同时其产出投入比最高(1.47)。通过平均单产、产出投入比、单袋净利润的比较建议企业在生产中应进行严格的成本核算和比较,选择栽培秀珍菇经济效益最高的配方。

Based on the cultivation formulas of Pleurotus pulmonarius from Luoyuan county, the main producing area, eight test formulas were designed by adjusting the mix ratio of wood chips, cotton seed shells and the other main cultivation medium. The mycelium growth, yield of fruiting body, biological efficiency and economic benefit were compared and analyzed. The results showed that P. pulmonarius in the eight formulas grew normally, and different effects on the culture cycle and yield of Pleurotus sinensis were observed. Comprehensive comparison showed that the formula 5 （aged sawdust 50%, cottonseed husk 35% and bran 15%） was the best, compared with the control formula, its full bag time was 31 d, the after-ripening time was 16 d, the yield of fruiting body was 433.83 g·bag-1, and its output input ratio was the highest （1.47）. On the basis of the comparison of the average yield per bag, the input-output ratio, and the single-bag net profit, it is suggested that enterprises should carry out strict cost accounting and comparison in production and select the optimum formula with the best economic returns.