富硒黄白侧耳子实体蛋白质和多糖的研究

Study of Protein and Polysaccharide in Fruiting Bodies of Selenium-enriched Pleurotus geesteranus

以棉籽壳为主料,以硒代蛋氨酸(Se-Met)为硒源,采用传统栽培方式获得了富硒黄白侧耳(Pleurotus geesteranus)子实体,测定了Se-Met对其子实体产量、硒含量、可溶性蛋白含量和粗多糖含量的影响,结果表明,高添加量的Se-Met不利于子实体产量的提高;子实体中的硒含量与培养料中的Se-Met添加量呈显著正相关性(P<0.01),当培养料中Se-Met的添加量为0.8 g·kg^(-1)时,子实体中硒含量最高,达到11.43μg·g^(-1);低添加量的Se-Met有利于子实体中可溶性蛋白的合成;子实体中的粗多糖含量与培养料中的Se-Met添加量呈显著正相关性(P<0.01)。对富硒黄白侧耳子实体可溶性蛋白和粗多糖中的硒含量进行了测定与分析,结果表明,富硒黄白侧耳子实体中的硒主要以硒蛋白的形式存在,占总硒含量的53.02%~57.39%,硒多糖中的硒占总硒含量的23.26%~24.98%。

In this test, traditional cultivation method was adopted to obtain fruiting bodies of selenium-enriched Pleurotus geesteranus using cottonseed hull as the main substrate and Se-Met as selenium source. The effects of Se-Met concentration on yield, Se content, soluble protein content and polysaecharide content of selenium-enriched Pleurotus geesteranus fruiting bodies were determined. The results showed that, within the selected concentration ranges, high concentration of Se-Met was not conducive to the improvement of mushroom yield. There existed significant positive linear relationship between the Se content in fruiting bodies and Se-Met concentration of substrates （P〈0.01）. The Se content in fruiting bodies reached the maximum value of 11.43μg·g-1 when the Se-Met concentration in medium was 0.8 g ·kg^-1. Low concentration of Se-Met was beneficial to the synthesis of soluble proteins in fruiting bodies and there existed significant positive linear relationship between the polysaccha- ride content in fruiting bodies and Se-Met concentration in medium （P〈0.01）. The Se content in soluble protein and polysac- eharide were determined and analyzed. The results showed that Se was mainly existed in water-soluble protein and water-solu- ble polysaeeharide. The main form of Se in fruiting bodies was selenoprotein, which accounted for more than 50% of the total selenium content. Se in polysaceharide accounted for more than 20% of the total selenium content.