不同收获时间对超甜玉米种子质量的影响

Effect of Different Harvest Time on Seed Quality of Super-sweet Corn

【目的】研究授粉后不同收获时间对超甜玉米种子质量的影响,确定适宜的收获时间,为农业生产中提前收获超甜玉米种子提供科学依据。【方法】以授粉后不同时间收获的超甜玉米自交系T026、GTL271、YC26、HJZ33和超甜玉米组合YC26/T026、YC26/HJZ33、GTL271/YC26为试验材料,研究广西和海南两地不同收获时间对种子百粒重、发芽势和发芽率的影响。【结果】广西秋季收获的种子百粒重、发芽势和发芽率基本低于海南冬季收获的种子,4个自交系种子授粉后34~42 d的百粒重、发芽势和发芽率在不同生态环境下表现较好,授粉后第26天表现较差;3个组合种子授粉后34~38 d的百粒重、发芽势和发芽率在不同生态环境下表现较好,授粉后第26天表现较差。【结论】超甜玉米的适宜收获时间是授粉后34~38 d。

【Objective】In order to determine the suitable harvest time which could provide a scientific basis Sor harvesting super-sweet corn early in agricultural production, the effects of different harvest time after pollination on the seed quality were studied. 【Method】 4 super-sweetcorn inbred lines （T026, GTL271, YC26 and HJZ33） and 3 combinations （YC26/T026 ,YC26/HJZ33 and GTL271/YC26） planted in Guangxi and Hainan were used as test materials to study the effect of different harvest time on hundred-grain weight, germination energy and germination percentage. 【Result】Hundred-grain weight, germination energy and germination percentage of seeds harvested in the Guangi were basically lower than those harvested in the winter of Hainan. Hundred-grain weight, germination energy and germination percentage of 4 inbred lines had good performance on the 34^th to 42^nd days ater pollination and had poor performance on the 26th day after pollination in different ecological environment. Meanwhile, hundred-grain weight, germination energy and germination percentage of 3 combinations had good performance basically on the 34^th to 38^th days after pollination and had poor performance on the 26th day after pollination in different ecological environment.【Conclusion】The optimum harvest time of super-sweet corn is 34-38 days after pollination.