宋代殿试赋的功用及其两个层面

The Function of Song Dynasty's Palace Examination Fu and Its Two Levels

宋代殿试始于太祖开宝六年(973),此后成为常例。在宋代将近一百年的时间里,殿试一直考赋,而且赋在殿试中发挥着至关重要的作用。对殿试赋的考察应从两个层面入手,一是命题层面,对应的是殿试赋的题目;一是作答层面,对应的是殿试赋的作品。宋代殿试赋总共有35个题目,现存的殿试赋作品计有7篇。仁宗天圣二年(1024)并没有殿试《德车结旌赋》,英宗治平四年(1067)也没有殿试《刚中正履帝位赋》。宋代殿试赋对辞赋研究、科举文学研究均有重要意义,具有较高的文学文献价值。

The palace examination of Song Dynasty begins in the 6 th year of Kai-bao（A.D. 973）, and then it becomes a tradition. It lasts almost 100 years that the candidates need to take a fu test in the palace examination. Besides, fu plays a big role in the palace examination. The research on palace examination fu should be started from two levels. One level is proposition and it relates to the titles of palace examination fu. The other level is despondence and it relates to the works. Song Dynasty＇s palace examination fu totally has 35 titles and 7 pieces spread so far. The government does not conduct palace examination in the 2 nd year of Tian-sheng（A.D. 1024） and the 4 th year of Zhi-ping（A.D. 1067）, so there should not be 2 titles, namely De-che-jie-jing fu and Gang-zhong-zheng-lv-di-wei fu. The Song Dynasty＇s palace examination fu means a lot to ci-fu research and imperial examination literature research, thus has high literature document value.