欧盟数据可携权立法评析

A Brief Analysis of the Right to Data Portability of EU Law

欧盟《一般数据保护条例(GDPR)》创造性地引入了数据可携权,以在增强个人数据控制力的同时促进欧盟本土企业的创新发展。数据可携权在内容上包括了副本获取权和数据转移权,有助于数据主体控制力的提升。但是,该权利还存在概念模糊、与删除权关系不明、适用效果不确定等弊端。我国应当借鉴此次欧盟立法,从本国国情出发,立足我国的互联网产业发展和大数据战略,在未来个人信息保护立法中赋予信息主体获取权,并积极探索数据财产权利的归属理论,以维持数字经济发展与公民个人信息保护之间的动态平衡。

The right to data portability is creatively introduced by EU General Data Protection Regulation（ GDPR） to promote innovation and development of local enterprises in the EU while enhancing the control of personal data. The right to data portability includes the right to obtain a copy and the right to data transfer in the content,which helps the control of the data subject. However,this right still has drawbacks such as a vague concept,unclear relationship with the right to delete and uncertain application effect. In this regard,China should learn from the EU legislation. In its future personal information protection legislation,China＇s national conditions and Internet industry development and big data strategy should be the basis. On the basis,the information subject is given the right to get access to the information and the ownership theory of the data property rights should also be actively explored in order to maintain the dynamic balance between the development of digital economy and the protection of personal information of citizens.